Craigmillar Castle
Edinburgh’s Hidden Gem of History and Intrigue
Location: Just three miles southeast of Edinburgh’s city center, Craigmillar Castle is a remarkably well-preserved medieval fortress surrounded by serene countryside. Known as "Edinburgh's other castle," its imposing structure and fascinating history make it a must-visit for history enthusiasts and casual explorers alike.
The History of Craigmillar Castle
Craigmillar Castle was built in the early 15th century by the Preston family, prominent landowners and loyal supporters of the Scottish crown. Over the centuries, it expanded from a modest tower house into a grand courtyard castle with multiple defensive walls, reflecting its owners’ growing wealth and influence.
The castle is renowned not only for its architecture but also for its association with some of Scotland’s most dramatic historical events and figures.
Key Inhabitants Through the Years
The Preston Family (14th - 17th centuries):
The Prestons were the original builders and owners of Craigmillar Castle. Sir Simon Preston, a close ally of Mary, Queen of Scots, was one of the most notable members of this family.
Sir Simon served as Provost of Edinburgh and hosted Mary, Queen of Scots, at the castle during a tumultuous period in her reign.
Mary, Queen of Scots (1566):
In 1566, Mary sought refuge at Craigmillar Castle after the birth of her son, James VI. While staying here, her courtiers allegedly plotted the infamous murder of her estranged husband, Lord Darnley, in what came to be known as the "Craigmillar Bond."
The castle’s role in this scandal links it to one of the most dramatic chapters in Scottish history.
The Gilmour Family (17th - 18th centuries):
In the late 17th century, the Gilmour family acquired the castle. They made some modifications but eventually abandoned it for a more modern residence, leading to its decline.
Historic Scotland (20th century - present):
In the 20th century, Craigmillar Castle came under the care of Historic Scotland, which has preserved it as a historic monument. Visitors today can explore its impressive ruins and learn about its storied past.
Significance in Scottish and English History
A Strategic Fortress:
Craigmillar Castle’s location made it a valuable defensive stronghold during the medieval period. Its thick walls and elevated position offered protection against attacks, particularly during the Wars of Independence and later conflicts with England.
Royal Connections:
The castle’s association with Mary, Queen of Scots, ties it to pivotal moments in Scottish history, including the murder of Lord Darnley and the political turmoil that followed. These events contributed to Mary’s eventual abdication and the unification of the Scottish and English crowns under her son, James VI and I.
Architectural Innovation:
Craigmillar Castle’s design reflects the evolution of medieval and Renaissance architecture in Scotland. Its combination of defensive and residential features illustrates the transition from fortress to stately home.
Preservation of Scottish Heritage:
As one of Scotland’s best-preserved castles, Craigmillar offers invaluable insights into medieval life and the power dynamics of Scotland’s ruling elite.
Visiting Craigmillar Castle Today
Craigmillar Castle is a captivating destination for visitors of all ages. Its towering walls, winding staircases, and panoramic views of Edinburgh and the surrounding countryside provide a window into Scotland’s past.
How to Get There: The castle is easily accessible by car or public transport from Edinburgh. A short walk through peaceful woodlands leads you to the castle entrance, adding to the charm of the experience.
Things to Explore:
The central tower house, the oldest part of the castle.
The Great Hall, where Mary, Queen of Scots, likely dined.
The extensive gardens and outer defenses, which reflect the castle’s dual roles as a residence and fortress.
Stunning views of Arthur’s Seat and the city skyline.
Craigmillar Castle’s Legacy
From royal intrigue to architectural grandeur, Craigmillar Castle is a treasure trove of Scottish history. Its stories of power, betrayal, and resilience continue to fascinate visitors, making it a vital part of Scotland’s cultural heritage.
Have you explored Craigmillar Castle? Share your thoughts, photos, or favorite moments in the comments!
For more of the Castles in Scotland series visit:
https://castlesinscotland.blogspot.com
https://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/edinburgh/craigmillarcastle/index.html
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