Castle Varrich: A Timeless Sentinel of the Highlands
Castle Varrich, also known as Caisteal Bharraich, stands as
a silent sentinel overlooking the Kyle of Tongue in the far north of the
Scottish Highlands. This ancient fortress, perched on a rocky promontory near
the village of Tongue, offers a captivating glimpse into Scotland’s storied
past. Despite its modest size, Castle Varrich’s history is rich with tales of
Norse invaders, clan conflicts, and enduring legacy.
Origins and Early History
The precise origins of Castle Varrich are shrouded in
mystery. It is believed that the site may have been used as a fortification for
over a thousand years. The castle’s current structure likely dates back to the
14th century, built by the Clan Mackay on the foundations of an earlier Norse
fort. The name “Tongue” itself is derived from the Norse word “Tunga,” meaning
land projecting into a loch, hinting at the area’s Viking past.
The Mackay Clan
Castle Varrich served as the ancient seat of the chief of
the Clan Mackay, a powerful Highland clan with a storied history. The Mackays
were known for their fierce independence and played a significant role in the
turbulent history of the Scottish Highlands. The castle’s strategic location
allowed the Mackays to control the surrounding lands and protect their
territory from rival clans and invaders.
Notable Residents and Events
Chiefs of Clan Mackay: The castle was the residence of the
Mackay chiefs for several centuries. The Mackays were involved in numerous
conflicts, including battles against the Clan Sutherland and the Clan Sinclair.
Their leadership and resilience were crucial in maintaining their clan’s
dominance in the region.
Norse Influence: Before the Mackays, the site may have been
used by Norse settlers. The presence of caves beneath the castle, believed to
have been inhabited by the Mackays, adds to the site’s historical intrigue.
Architectural Features
Castle Varrich is a modest structure, yet its design
reflects its defensive purpose. The castle originally had two floors plus an
attic. The ground floor, possibly used as stables, was accessed through a door
on the north wall. The upper floor, which served as the main living area, was
accessed by a ladder or removable stair. The walls, built from roughly squared
blocks of metamorphosed sandstone, are remarkably well-preserved despite the
castle’s age and exposure to harsh weather.
Decline and Preservation
By the 18th century, Castle Varrich had been abandoned and
fell into ruin3. However, its historical significance has not been forgotten.
In recent years, efforts have been made to preserve the castle and make it accessible
to visitors. In 2017, a galvanised steel spiral staircase and viewing platform
were installed inside the castle, allowing visitors to enjoy panoramic views of
the Kyle of Tongue and the surrounding landscape.
Visiting Castle Varrich
Today, Castle Varrich is a scheduled monument and a popular
destination for those exploring the North Coast 500 route. A marked footpath
from the village of Tongue leads to the castle, offering a scenic hike with
stunning views. The castle’s elevated position provides a breathtaking vantage
point, making it a must-visit for history enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.
Castle Varrich stands as a testament to the enduring legacy
of the Clan Mackay and the rich history of the Scottish Highlands. Its ruins,
perched high above the Kyle of Tongue, continue to captivate the imagination of
all who visit, preserving the stories of its past for future generations.
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