Thursday, September 12, 2024

Dunstaffnage Castle: A Tale of Stone and Struggle

The captivating history of Dunstaffnage Castle and Chapel, nestled in the rugged beauty of Argyll, Scotland.

1. Origins and Construction:

Dunstaffnage Castle, one of Scotland’s oldest stone castles, stands as a formidable mass of masonry guarding the seaward approach from the Firth of Lorn to the Pass of Brander.
It was likely built before 1240 by Duncan MacDougall, son of Dubhgall (Lord of Lorn) and grandson of the legendary Somerled, self-proclaimed ‘King of the Isles.’
These tumultuous times saw a fierce struggle between the Kingdom of Scotland and Norway for control of the Hebrides.

2. Wars and Sieges:

During the Wars of Independence (1296–1356), Dunstaffnage witnessed significant action. Robert the Bruce himself besieged the castle around 1308 after defeating the MacDougalls at the Pass of Brander.
The castle remained a royal stronghold until the 1460s when it passed into the hands of the Campbell earls of Argyll.

3. MacDougall Legacy:

Somerled, the MacDougall chief, founded Dunstaffnage’s predecessor, Ardchattan Priory, just six miles east of the castle.
Duncan MacDougall, likely responsible for Dunstaffnage’s construction, added a daunting curtain wall of stone and three projecting round towers to assert his power and enhance defences.

4. Flora MacDonald’s Imprisonment:

In 1746, Dunstaffnage hosted a remarkable guest—Flora MacDonald. She had aided Bonnie Prince Charlie (Charles Edward Stuart) in his escape after the Battle of Culloden.
Flora disguised the prince as her serving girl, ‘Betty Burke,’ and helped him cross to Skye. However, she was arrested and briefly held at Dunstaffnage before being transferred to the Tower of London.

5. Natural Beauty and Bats:

Beyond its historical significance, Dunstaffnage Castle and its surrounding broadleaved woodland are home to pipistrelle bats—a rare species in the west of Scotland.

Location: Dunbeg, By Oban, Argyll, PA37 1PZ Phone: 01631 562 465

Have you ever visited a castle with such a storied history? Share your thoughts below!

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For more of the Castles in Scotland series visit:

https://castlesinscotland.blogspot.com/

https://www.visitscotland.com/info/see-do/dunstaffnage-castle-and-chapel-p248581

https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=1NTTk4vGyDXVvUWaZkYuTE6X1IA9p8A8&usp=sharing

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Wednesday, September 11, 2024

Tantallon Castle

The fascinating history of Tantallon Castle, perched dramatically on a promontory overlooking the Firth of Forth. 🏰

🌟 Tantallon Castle: A Brief Overview

Tantallon Castle, near North Berwick in East Lothian, Scotland, stands as a testament to medieval power and resilience. Here’s a glimpse into its storied past:

William Douglas and the Mighty Fortress:

In the mid-1300s, William Douglas, a nobleman, constructed Tantallon Castle at the height of his influence.
William inherited the estates of his father, Sir Archibald Douglas, and his uncle, the renowned ‘Good Sir James Douglas’ (a close friend of Robert the Bruce).
These lands included the barony of North Berwick, and it’s likely that construction began during this time.
William was later made Earl of Douglas in 1358.

The Red Douglases:

The House of Douglas split into two branches in the 1380s: the ‘Black Douglases’ and the ‘Red Douglases.’
Tantallon passed to the junior line—the earls of Angus, also known as the ‘Red Douglases.’
For the next 300 years, they owned the castle, often clashing with the Crown.
Sieges and Struggles:
Tantallon faced several sieges:
James IV besieged it in 1491.
James V did the same in 1528.
The most devastating attack came during Oliver Cromwell’s invasion of Scotland in 1651. His army caused such destruction that the medieval fortress was abandoned afterward.

Unique Architecture:

Like the robust stone castles of the 1200s, Tantallon boasted:
An enormously thick and high stone curtain wall enclosing a large courtyard.
Tall stone towers serving as living quarters for nobles.
What sets Tantallon apart is its stunning coastal location—the curtain wall once enclosed the entire site, but the seaward side has since fallen down.

Defenses and Warfare:

Tantallon was built before the age of gunpowder artillery.

Its thick walls defended against:

Trebuchets (stone-throwing machines).
Battering rams.
Bows and arrows.
The curtain wall had almost no openings, concentrating defense on the battlements.

A wide, deep ditch protected the landward side.
Later owners adapted by adding gun holes and external defenses.

Cromwell’s Impact:

Despite efforts, Cromwell’s heavy guns severely damaged Tantallon in 1651.
The end towers suffered greatly, and the castle’s decline began.

Archaeology at Tantallon:

Historic Scotland excavated parts of the site in 2013 and 2014.
They uncovered early buildings in the outer ward and evidence of hastily erected ravelins.

🔍 If you’re ever in the area, consider visiting Tantallon Castle. Its rugged beauty and rich history make it a must-see! 📸✨

📍 Location: Near North Berwick, East Lothian, EH39 5PN 📞 Phone: 01620 892727 ⏰ Opening Hours: Monday to Sunday, 09:30 - 16:3012

Feel free to share this post with your friends—it’s a piece of Scottish history that deserves to be celebrated! 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿❤️

For more of the Castles in Scotland series visit:

https://castlesinscotland.blogspot.com/

https://www.historicenvironment.scot/visit-a-place/places/tantallon-castle/

https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=1NTTk4vGyDXVvUWaZkYuTE6X1IA9p8A8&usp=sharing

Tuesday, September 10, 2024

Glamis Castle

Where Scottish Majesty Meets Centuries of History 🌟

Greetings, fellow castle enthusiasts! Let’s step into the storied halls of Glamis Castle, a Highland gem that has witnessed drama, legends, and royal intrigue for over 700 years. 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿

A Tapestry of Time: Glamis Castle’s Story

Medieval Origins and the Lyon Family

Early Roots: The area where Glamis Castle stands has been occupied since at least the 11th century. However, the castle itself traces its roots back to the 14th century when it became the residence of the Lyon family.

Earls of Strathmore: The Lyons later became the Earls of Strathmore, and Glamis Castle remained their ancestral seat.

Myths, Legends, and Shakespearean Inspiration

Macbeth Connection: Glamis Castle is said to have inspired the setting for Shakespeare’s play “Macbeth.” The eerie tales surrounding the castle add to its mystique.

King Malcolm II: Legend has it that Scottish King Malcolm II died at Glamis Castle in 1034.

Royal Connections and Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother

Queen Mother’s Childhood Home: Glamis Castle was the childhood home of Elizabeth the Queen Mother (Queen Elizabeth’s mother).

Princess Margaret’s Birthplace: Princess Margaret, Queen Elizabeth II’s sister, was born here in 1930.

Architecture and Beauty

French Château Styling: In the 17th and 18th centuries, Glamis Castle underwent extensive renovations, taking on the trappings of a French château.

700 Years of History: Visitors can explore Duncan’s Hall, the Crypt, King Malcolm’s room, the Royal Apartments, and more. The castle’s mixture of 14th and 17th-century architecture is a feast for the eyes.

Visit Glamis Castle Today

Scenic Grounds: Wander the ornamental gardens and explore the surrounding countryside.

Public Access: While still the residence of the Earls of Strathmore, Glamis Castle opens its doors to the public at certain times of the year.

So, my friends, let’s raise our virtual goblets to Glamis Castle—a living legend etched in stone and memory.

For more of the Castles in Scotland series visit:

https://castlesinscotland.blogspot.com/

https://www.glamis-castle.co.uk/

https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=1NTTk4vGyDXVvUWaZkYuTE6X1IA9p8A8&usp=sharing

Monday, September 9, 2024

Elcho Castle

A Tower House Steeped in History

Elcho Castle, nestled near the south bank of the River Tay, about four miles southeast of Perth, Scotland, has a rich and storied past:

Construction and Ownership: Built around 1560, Elcho Castle was the brainchild of a member of the Wemyss family. These Wemysses traced their lineage back to the 12th century, and they maintained the castle until the early 20th century. Interestingly, Elcho served as their country retreat—a place where they could escape the hustle and bustle of court life and enjoy the tranquillity of the countryside.

Architectural Uniqueness: Elcho Castle stands out architecturally. It’s a multi-storied tower house with an approximately Z-plan layout. Picture a large square tower at one corner, flanked by three other integrated towers on the north side. The castle’s exterior exudes martial strength, complete with gun holes for defence. Yet, step inside, and you’ll find comfort and lavish living. The first floor (the “noble floor”) boasts a main hall, south-facing windows, and a great bedchamber. The upper floors feature multiple smaller rooms and even a “guest wing” with its own latrines—an unusual touch for the time.

Guests and En Suite Accommodation: Elcho Castle was no ordinary fortress. It combined the best of both worlds: en suite guest accommodation akin to a mansion and a formidable defensive structure. Imagine noble guests enjoying the view from the walkway on top of the walls, while gun loops below kept watch. The castle’s turnpike staircase led to the first floor, where private receptions took place. And yes, there were even en suite latrines—a luxury in medieval times.

Inhabitants and Hauntings: Over the centuries, Elcho Castle hosted lords, ladies, and their retinues. But it’s not just the living who left their mark. Legend has it that a “White Lady” haunts the castle—a bogle (ghost) of a woman who met a fiery fate when her dress caught fire. Perhaps she still roams the halls, a silent witness to history.

Elcho Castle Gardens: A Natural Haven

Beyond its stone walls, Elcho Castle’s gardens beckon:

Orchard Revival: The castle’s orchard, once a retreat for the wealthy Wemyss family, has been lovingly replanted with traditional apple, pear, and plum varieties. Today, it’s not just fruit trees—it’s a haven for butterflies and wildlife, adding a touch of magic to the historic grounds.

Living Creatures: While humans no longer inhabit Elcho Castle, it remains home to other creatures. Pipistrelle bats, brown long-eared bats, barn owls, and grey squirrels find refuge within its ancient walls. The castle’s legacy extends beyond its stones, embracing the natural world around it.

Political Threads and Legacy

Elcho Castle’s influence reaches beyond its physical boundaries. From its construction during the Protestant Reformation to its role as a retreat for the Wemyss family, it reflects the shifting tides of Scottish and British politics. Lords and ladies walked its halls, and perhaps their conversations shaped the course of history. Elcho Castle stands as a testament to resilience, adaptation, and the intertwining of personal lives with broader events.

So there you have it—a glimpse into the fascinating world of Elcho Castle, where history, gardens, and politics converge. Feel free to explore more about this remarkable place!

For more of the Castles in Scotland series visit:

https://castlesinscotland.blogspot.com/

https://www.visitscotland.com/info/see-do/elcho-castle-p248441

https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=1NTTk4vGyDXVvUWaZkYuTE6X1IA9p8A8&usp=sharing

Friday, September 6, 2024

Wemyss Castle

A Storied Past

Wemyss Castle, perched dramatically on sea cliffs between the villages of East Wemyss and West Wemyss in Fife, Scotland, has witnessed centuries of intrigue and historical events. Here are some highlights:

Construction and Ancient Seat: The castle’s construction dates back to 1421 when Sir John Wemyss decided to build a fortified stronghold to replace an earlier castle destroyed by the Duke of Rothesay. It has been the ancient seat of the Earls of Wemyss and their families ever since1.

Royal Encounters: In 1565, Mary, Queen of Scots, met her future husband, Lord Darnley, within the castle’s walls. Their union would have significant consequences for Scottish and British history. Additionally, the court of James VI stayed at Wemyss Castle in 15831.

Danish Commissioners and Scottish Lawyers: On a spring day in 1590, Danish commissioners led by Peder Munk and Scottish lawyer John Skene gathered at Wemyss Castle. Their mission? To view and take sasine (legal possession) of several royal properties, including Falkland Palace and Dunfermline Palace, gifted to Anne of Denmark by James VI as a "morning gift"1.

Intrigues and Plots: The castle also played host to intrigue. In 1591, King James had Lilias (or Sophia) Ruthven, daughter of the Earl of Gowrie, confined at Wemyss Castle to prevent her marriage to Ludovic Stewart, the Duke of Lennox. And in 1592, it sheltered Margaret Vinstarr, the queen’s Danish lady-in-waiting, whose partner had plotted against the king1.

The Green Lady: Like many Scottish castles, Wemyss is said to be haunted by a “Green Lady.” Folk beliefs associate green with misfortune, and wearing green at weddings was considered unlucky. Perhaps the castle’s spectral resident has witnessed these historical dramas firsthand1.

🌷 Wemyss Castle Gardens: A Symphony of Blooms

The castle’s six-acre walled garden, once redundant after World War II, has been lovingly restored by Charlotte Wemyss since 1993. Here’s what you’ll find:

Spring and Summer Flowers: The walled garden bursts with clematis, roses, and ornamental trees. Sweeping lawns, sculptural features, and fragrant blooms create a sensory journey. Visit from late April to July for the full floral symphony2.

Woodland Beauty: The beech woods surrounding Wemyss Castle host a stunning display of Erythronium Revolutum—a carpet of pale lilac flowers with marbled green leaves. Best seen from mid-April to May3.

Clematis Collection: The Walled Garden boasts an unofficial national collection of Montana clematis. Over 50 varieties thrive here. Late May to July is the prime time to explore this floral treasure2.

🗳️ Political Significance and Legacy

Wemyss Castle’s influence extends beyond its walls. The Wemyss family’s shifting allegiances—from Edward I of England to Robert the Bruce—reflect the tumultuous political landscape of medieval Scotland. Their connections, royal encounters, and strategic alliances have left an indelible mark on British and Scottish history45.

So there you have it—a glimpse into the captivating world of Wemyss Castle, where history, gardens, and intrigue intertwine. Feel free to explore more about this remarkable place! 🌹🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿✨

For more of the Castles in Scotland series visit:

https://castlesinscotland.blogspot.com/

https://www.wemysscastlegardens.com/

https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=1NTTk4vGyDXVvUWaZkYuTE6X1IA9p8A8&usp=sharing

Wednesday, September 4, 2024

Braemar Castle

Where Legends Echo Across Centuries

Greetings, history enthusiasts and castle aficionados! Today, let’s step into the storied halls of Braemar Castle, a Highland gem that has witnessed centuries of drama, battles, and royal intrigue. 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿

A Key to Scotland: Braemar Castle’s Significance

Strategic Origins and Royal Patronage

Ancient Roots: Braemar’s origins are rooted in antiquity. The area has been strategically important since early times, with hill passes converging where the modern village now stands.

Royal Connections: In the 10th century, King Kenneth Macalpin enjoyed sport here, and the rocky hill that forms the backdrop to the village bears his name—Kenneth’s Crag, Creag Choinnnich.

Kindrochit Castle and Clan Farquharson

Medieval Legacy: Kindrochit Castle, known to have been in regular use by Scottish kings until the 16th century, stood near the site of the original St. Andrews.

Jacobite Uprising: In 1715, the Earl of Mar raised the standard at Braemar Castle to start the Jacobite uprising, leaving an indelible mark on Scotland’s history.

English Visitors and Tourism Boom

Queen Victoria’s Arrival: Queen Victoria’s arrival on Deeside in 1848 brought an influx of English visitors, creating the new industry of tourism for the village.

Language Shift: Gaelic, once spoken by the inhabitants of Braemar, gave way to English as the village embraced new opportunities.

Restoration and Modern Heritage

Recent Restoration: The castle has undergone restoration, preserving its historical charm.

Annual Braemar Gathering: The tradition of competitive hill races, started by King Malcolm Canmore, lives on in the annual Braemar Gathering.

So, my friends, let’s raise our virtual goblets to Braemar Castle—a living legend etched in stone and memory.

For more of the Castles in Scotland series visit:

https://castlesinscotland.blogspot.com/

https://braemarcastle.co.uk/

https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=1NTTk4vGyDXVvUWaZkYuTE6X1IA9p8A8&usp=sharing

Tuesday, September 3, 2024

Stirling Castle

A Tapestry of Scottish History and Majesty

Greetings, fellow castle enthusiasts! Today, let’s step into the storied halls of Stirling Castle—a fortress that has witnessed centuries of drama, battles, and royal intrigue. 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿

A Key to Scotland: Stirling Castle’s Significance

Strategic Dominance and Royal Stronghold

Location: Perched atop an ancient extinct volcano, Stirling Castle commands breathtaking views in every direction. Standing 250 feet (75 meters) higher than the surrounding terrain, it dominates major east–west and north–south routes.

Historical Role: From the time of Robert II until the union of Scotland and England in 1707, Stirling Castle was the principal royal stronghold of the Stuart kings. Whoever held Stirling, it was said, held the key to Scotland.

A Castle of Legends and Battles

Prehistoric Origins: There has been a fortress at Stirling since prehistoric times, but the first recorded mention of the castle dates to the 12th century.

Sieges and Attacks: Stirling Castle has seen its share of violence, having been attacked at least 16 times in its history. It withstood a brutal siege by Edward I of England in 1304 and another by Robert the Bruce during the Battle of Bannockburn.

Royal Drama: The 8th Earl of Douglas met a gruesome end here in 1452, invited to dinner and then stabbed to death by James II. Rebels against James VI seized the castle in 1584.

Architectural Splendour and Royal Connections

Great Hall: James IV built the awe-inspiring Great Hall around 1500. Daniel Defoe called it “the noblest I ever saw in Europe.”

Royal Palace: James V’s Renaissance-style royal palace was constructed in the 1540s. His daughter, Mary, was crowned queen of Scotland here when she was just nine months old.

Chapel Royal: Mary’s son, James VI (later James I of England), was baptized in the Chapel Royal, which he later rebuilt in 1594.

Restoration and Heritage

Recent Restoration: The Chapel Royal and the Great Hall were restored in the 1990s, and the entire royal palace underwent painstaking restoration from 2001 to 2011.

Legacy: Stirling Castle stands as a testament to Scotland’s resilience, culture, and indomitable spirit.

So, my friends, let’s raise our virtual goblets to Stirling Castle—a living legend etched in stone and memory.

For more of the Castles in Scotland series visit:

https://castlesinscotland.blogspot.com/

https://www.historicenvironment.scot/visit-a-place/places/stirling-castle/

https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=1NTTk4vGyDXVvUWaZkYuTE6X1IA9p8A8&usp=sharing